Modern trends in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth (literature review)

Abstract

Introduction. Endodontically treated teeth are often weakened due to tissue loss, increasing fracture risk. Modern restoration methods aim to restore function and protect teeth. Objective. Analyzing of trends in restoring endodontically treated teeth, focusing on ferrule effect, adhesive systems, and posts. Materials and Methods. The review is based on 13 scientific sources from PubMed, ResearchGate, and other databases (2002-2023), containing data on restoration techniques. The sources concern various aspects of restoration of endodontically treated teeth, including ferrule effect, adhesive systems, posts, isolation, etc. The selection criteria were the availability of clinical or laboratory data confirming the effectiveness of the restoration methods. The analysis was carried out by systematizing and summarizing the research results. Results. Crown coverage reduces fracture risk sixfold. A 1.5-2 mm height of ferrule enhances stability. Posts may cause stress, with efficacy tied to tissue volume. Adhesives degrade due to hydrophilicity. Proper restoration method selection can significantly improve the prognosis. Conclusions. Despite the widespread use of various types of post structures in dental practice, clinical principles and manufacturing technologies continue to be debatable. The most controversial issues remain those related to the preparation of the root part of the tooth, the choice of the optimal design of the inlay,
the material for its manufacture. Complications after restoration with composite materials are often due to errors made by dentists at the stage of choosing the treatment method, during restoration, as well as due to patients' failure to comply with the recommendations given by doctors.
Successful restoration requires a ferrule with a height of 1.5-2 mm, high-quality rubber isolation and careful selection of adhesive systems that are resistant to degradation. Prospects for further research include the development of improved methods for restoring endodontically treated teeth.